Professor Diwakar Acharya

Professor Diwakar Acharya

Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, Linguistics, Philosophy
University Academic Fellow since 2016

Professor Diwakar Acharya is a leading scholar of South Asian religious and philosophical traditions. His research focuses on the historical development of Indian religions, with particular attention to Sanskrit textual traditions, epigraphy, and the intellectual history of early and medieval South Asia. Before taking up his position at Oxford in 2016, Acharya held academic appointments at Kyoto University (2006–2016), the University of Hamburg (2003–2006), and Nepal Sanskrit University (1993–2003). He also served as Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Indian Philosophy from 2014 to 2024. His scholarship is distinguished by the discovery, editing, and interpretation of previously unpublished Sanskrit texts. He has made major contributions to the study of early Vedānta, Tantra, Vaiṣṇavism, and Śaivism, most notably through his discovery of manuscripts and the critical publication of Vācaspati Miśra’s Tattvasamīkṣā, as well as through his editions of early Tantric Vaiṣṇava texts based on newly identified Pañcarātra manuscripts. Acharya has published widely on Upaniṣadic exegesis, Indian philosophy, and the religious history of South Asia. More recently, he founded the Sanskrit Text Society and launched the open-access Journal of Sanskrit Studies. He continues to shape the field through rigorous philological scholarship and interdisciplinary research, and his fully annotated critical edition of the Sāṃkhya Yuktidīpikā is forthcoming.

Research Areas
AsiaIndic Knowledge Systems
Sanskrit Language and Literature
Sanskrit Epigraphy
Indic Philosophies and Theologies
Manuscriptology

Selected Publications

‘The Androgynous Form of Viṣṇu and the Yet Unpublished Vāsudevakalpa,’

in Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia 34(2021), pp. 7-27. Online Access.

The Upaniṣadic Method of Neti neti and the Jaina Doctrine of Anekānta

in J. Soni, M. Pahlke, C. Cüppers (eds.), Buddhist and Jaina Studies. Proceeding of the Conference in Lumbini, February 2013. LIRI Seminar Proceedings Series, Volume 6. Lumbini: Lumbini International Research Institute, 2014, pp. 299–317.

Poet Vaṃśamaṇi Pays off his Share in the Father’s Debt: A 17th-Century Debt-Clearance Certificate from Mithilā

Studies in Historical Documents from Nepal and lndia (Documenta Nepalica 1), Heidelberg/Kathmandu: University of Heidelberg/National Archives 2018, pp. 207-218.

How to behave like a Bull? New Insight into the Origin and Religious Practices of Pāśupatas

in Indo-Iranian Journal 56 (2013), 2: pp. 101–131.

Early Tantric Vaiṣṇavism. Three Newly Discovered works of the Pañca-rātra: The Svāyambhuvapañcarātra, Devāmṛtapañcarātra and Aṣṭādaśa-vidhāna

Critically Edited from their 11th- and 12th-Century Palm-leaf Manuscripts with an Introduction and Notes. Collection Indologie 129: Early Tantra Series 2. Ecole Française d’Extrême–Orient / Institut français Pondichéry / Universität Hamburg. pp. i-lxxxvi, 1-230, 2016.

The Little Clay Cart by Śūdraka.

[Text and Translation with an Introduction]. The Clay Sanskrit Library. New York University Press/JJC Foundation, 2009.

Sanskrit Text Society

I have established the Sanskrit Text Society (STS), an academic and cultural organisation dedicated to the study, preservation, and promotion of Sanskrit textual traditions across the Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain intellectual heritage. We have already launched the Journal of Sanskrit Studies (https://journal.sanskrittextsociety.com/index.php/JSS), an open-access publication, and are currently working towards the launch of the Universal Library of Sanskrit.

Other Research

The Androgynous Form of Viṣṇu and the Yet Unpublished Vāsudevakalpa
2021 | Journal article | 4303 Historical Studies
Dolphin Deified: The Celestial Dolphin, an Upaniṣadic Puzzle,and Viṣṇu’s First Incarnation
4th February 2020 | Journal article | Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies
Poet Vaṃśamaṇi Pays off his Share in the Father’s Debt: A 17th-Century Debt-Clearance Certificate from Mithilā
2018 | Chapter | Studies in Historical Documents from Nepal and lndia
On the meaning and function of Ādeśá in the Early Upaniṣads
5th June 2017 | Journal article | 5003 Philosophy
Erratum to: ‘This World, in the Beginning, was Phenomenally Non-existent’: Āruṇi’s Discourse on Cosmogony in Chāndogya Upaniṣad VI.1–VI.7
November 2016 | Journal article | 5003 Philosophy
Three fragmentary Folios of a 9th-Century Manuscript of an early Bhūtatantra Taught by Mahāmaheśvara
2016 | Chapter | Tantrism
'This world, in the beginning, was phenomenally non-existent': Āruṇi’s discourse on Cosmogony in Chāndogya Upaniṣad VI.1–VI.7
10th September 2015 | Journal article | phenomenal and non-phenomenal existence
Early tantric Vaiṣṇavism : Three newly discovered works of the Pañcarātra : the Svāyambhuvapañcarātra, Devāmṛtapañcarātra and Aṣṭādaśavidhāna
March 2015 | Book | Pāñcarātra (Sect)
Early tantric Vaiṣṇavism : three newly discovered works of the Pañcarātra : the Svāyambhuvapañcarātra, Devāmr̥tapañcarātra and Aṣṭādaśavidhāna : critically edited from their 11th- and 12th-century Nepalese palm-leaf manuscripts with an introduction and notes
2015 | Book | Pāñcarātra (Sect)